KPTMAS

A NATIONAL TREASURE

The regalia of Malaysia includes all the items which are deemed sacred and symbolic of the supremacy and authority of His Majesty Yang di-Pertuan Agong or King of Malaysia and his consort, the Raja Permaisuri Agong

THE THRONES

The throne at Istana Negara's Balairong Seri (Throne Room) is crafted and structured to blend motifs from the peninsula as well as Sabah and Sarawak.

The motifs are coloured gold, to add regality and an imperial aura to the throne, and all the designs point upwards to indicate that all beings are created by Allah.

TENGKOLOK DIRAJA ( ROYAL HEADDRESS )

According to Malay legend, the first Sultan of Perak, Sultan Muzaffar Shah I Ibni Almarhum Sultan Mahmud Shah (1528–1549) set sail toPerak to form the Perak Sultanate. Sultan Muzaffar was a descendant of the Malacca Sultanate which was then exiled in Johor by the Portuguese. He carried on his ship many of the royal regalia of the Malacca Sultanate, including the Royal Crown of Malacca.

However, during his journey, his ship entered shallow waters and was stuck. The only way to get the ship sailing again was by reducing the ship load. So one by one the many items of the ships were thrown into sea but the ship refused to budge. Until finally the only thing left to throw into sea was the Royal Crown of Malacca. The sea was happy with the offering of the Royal Crown because immediately after that the ship miraculously set sail on its own to Perak.

For centuries Malay Rulers have worn head-dresses as part of their regalia. They have been wearing head-dresses made of embroidered silk folded in different styles since the days of the Malay Sultanate. The style of folding is called solek and there are various styles depending on the tradition of the royal family of the particular state. The colour of the head-dress varies from one state to another.The Sultan seeing the miracle as a sign swore that he and his descendants would never wear a crown as Sultans or never be crowned during their installation. This practice came to be followed by the Malay Sultans of the other states. Therefore, the Malay head-dress known as the Tengkolok came to be the replacement for a crown.

The royal head-dress worn by His Majesty Seri Paduka Baginda Yang di-Pertuan Agong during his installation is made of black fabric embroidered with gold thread. It is folded in the style called Dendam Tak Sudah which originated from Negeri Sembilan. Affixed at the front of the headwear is a crescent-shaped ornament and a 14-pointed star. At the centre of the star is the crest of the Malaysian Government.

10:39
0 Comments

SCHOOL BASED ASSESMENT

The Guide on School-based Assessment in Primary Education was developed with a purpose to contribute to raising the quality of assessment of students in primary schools in the Republic of Macedonia, in compliance with the Conception of Nine Year Primary Education. Its’ starting basis are the professional findings about the great influence of the quality of assessment on students learning and the level of their achievements in the instruction. On the other hand, it should be taken into consideration that the assessment of students by their teachers, is, basically, a process of making professional judgement that could be improved if it meets certain standards in quality assessment. The term assessment, in its widest meaning, denotes a process of collecting and interpreting information about learning and achievement of students that are used.

To provide information to students and their parents about the progress in acquiring knowledge, skills and attitudes, to provide support to teachers to modify their instruction and the learning activities of their students, and to provide information to other stakeholders that make decisions about educational policy related to students (for example, decisions about promotion of students, decisions about students involvement in particular educational programs and types of practices). The Guide on School-based Assessment provides guidelines on how the practice of quality assessment in the schools should be. The Guide should be considered, primarily, as a document that could provide shared understanding among professionals and practitioners about school-based assessment that is quality and fair. It refers, first of all, to formative assessment, i.e. monitoring students’ learning and achievements during instruction aiming to improve the teaching and to a best possible extent provide help to students to make use of their own potentials in learning. It gives directions for high quality procedures in the process of assessment in schools, but do not specify the limits to which they should be achieved. It is expected that the Guide would primarily be used by schools and teachers in planning assessment, providing quality assessment that would contribute to improvement of teaching and assessment and in self-assessment of the their own assessment practice. It might be used by the Bureau for Development of Education in providing support in raising the quality of assessment in schools. By improving the system of policy decisions on school-based assessment it is expected that this Guide will be further developed and transformed into Standards for school-based assessment, which will be used for developing indicators to measure the quality of assessment in schools.

History Education aims to foster and strengthen the spirit of each nation and their identity as citizens and citizens of the world. Some of these goals are measured in PBS when students are directly involved in producing projects in school history course work which, through the knowledge and appreciation of the history of this country and its related overseas, students can understand the state of society and the state and its relationship with history of the world.

Geography curriculum enables students to understand the phenomenon of geographical focus to the country and its relations with other countries so as to produce pupils educated, responsible, grateful and to know and love the country. Such as education history, part of this goal, the students measured the current PBS project.

The science curriculum for secondary schools is to produce students who have the knowledge and skills in science and technology and are able to apply the knowledge and skills based on scientific attitudes and values to create a decision and solve problems in daily life. Jesteru, students have the foundation of science and technology to study and practice the culture of science and technology towards the development of society is caring, dynamic, progressive, responsible for the environment and admire the natural creation.

The goal of Islamic education is to produce knowledgeable Muslim, faith and competent work righteousness, civility and morality based on the Quran and al-Sunnah and as a servant of God who is righteous caliphs and contributed to the civilization of the nation. School-based assessment involving recitation and memorizing and manners and morals of Islamic Observation is the most objective measurement tool for Islamic Education.

Integrated Living Skills (KHB) aims to produce independent, technology and economic know-how and creativity, initiative and self-confidence in an ever-changing technology for daily life. The modules KHB coursework that must be implemented by all pupils become measurement tool in PBS.

It can therefore be concluded that school-based assessment is another arm that allows the student is assessed using the gauges provided in line with the objectives of each subject.

10:30
0 Comments

BILINGUAL EDUCATION

Bilingualism means that a person can master at least one language skills in both languages , though at a minimum . Bilingual education is an education policy that is common for countries with a population of multi-racial or multi- ethnic society . Basic education is essential in the education system , particularly for countries which once occupied the invaders as experienced by the ASEAN countries such as Malaysia , Singapore , Indonesia , Philippines , Brunei , except Thailand . Malaysia , Singapore and Brunei , a former British colony , the Philippines was a former colony of Spain and then the United States . The diversity of nationalities and ethnic groups in these countries led to the use of different languages among a people by another people .

The language used as the language of communication between an individual and another individual . This language is the language of communication of science , culture , and literature , Malay language is not only a national but also a global as well as tribal languages . Bahasa Melayu can play a role in the completion of Malay manausia resources for globalization entered a new life , with respect to the need for a review of the use of foreign languages in Malaysia.

When schools provide children quality education in their primary language, they give them two things: knowledge and literacy. The knowledge that children get through their first language helps make the English they hear and read more comprehensible. Literacy developed in the primary language transfers to the second language. The reason is simple: Because we learn to read by reading – that is, by making sense of what is on the page (Smith, 1994) – it is easier to learn to read in a language we understand. Once we can read in one language, we can read in general.

The combination of first language subject matter teaching and literacy development that characterizes good bilingual programs indirectly but powerfully aids students as they strive for a third factor essential to their success: English proficiency. Of course, we also want to teach in English directly, via high quality English-as-a-Second Language (ESL) classes, and through sheltered subject matter teaching, where intermediate-level English language acquirers learn subject matter taught in English.

In addition, the use of foreign languages among Malaysians . Expansion of the use of language requires the development of vocabulary / terminology in various fields of knowledge, especially for educational purposes , which is now used as the language of instruction in the field of national penididikan . The need for more urgent vocabulary when language became the official language of the country . Systems or affect the way language shapes berfikr to observe the world around us, the conversation a variety of languages that can be said to have many ways to observe the world around her, conversations like this will have a system concept and the notion that the various language he likes.

Use of terms and language patterns to meet different needs of society can not be approve by the government to use only the local language course in various areas of communication or other purposes. See diapakai use of words in the term computer / internet , originating from the Java language , use to replace the term using the official language of the State to replace words that do not apply and this in accordance with the norms of society in terms of language use.

Legal regulations on the development of English is very important and the current progress of a clear rule also does not guarantee anything and continuous execution , it is because the development of the Malay language is used not only in language but also the language of conversation , therefore the use of unfamiliar vocabulary often used in the context of a lingua franca used in the State Malaysia mahupun said essentially , in an article law says that imperfect learning something of the language in our society , among others caused because the imperfections of language learning in schools it's because our society is not adept at writing essays is not even good at writing in the official letter This indicate where the importance of native language in educational institutions in relation to social relationships especially when dealing with scientific forums .

10:27
0 Comments

GENETIC ENGINEERING

Genetic engineering is engaged in the research and genetic modification of humans , animals and plants. There have been many successes achieved by researchers abroad in this aspect so that no one gets extensive coverage of international media . However , each technology must be good and bad effects .

Then, aspects of genetic engineering is to married couples who have no children . Now, there are technologies and methods that allow such couples who have a child with a convenient and secure . Existence of children in a household that is certainly able to deliver more cheerful atmosphere envisioned by humans.

In fact , this technology can also make a preliminary investigation to determine that the child to be born was not any specific defects . Such action makes genetic determinism is certainly capable of giving a relief to parents whose children will receive in their lives.

The most interesting impact brought about by this technology is the livestock industry will be able to be extended . Definitely more high-quality livestock breeds can be produced easily and fast . The result of such livestock provide a source of human proteins essential to ensure human life . Farmers will not have any problems critical to generate good results.

Genetic engineering is the process of manually adding new DNA to an organism. The goal is to add one or more new traits that are not already found in that organism. Examples of genetically engineered (transgenic) organisms currently on the market include plants with resistance to some insects, plants that can tolerate herbicides, and crops with modified oil content. DNA is the recipe for life. DNA is a molecule found in the nucleus of every cell and is made up of 4 subunits represented by the letters A, T, G, and C. The order of these subunits in the DNA strand holds a code of information for the cell. Just like the English alphabet makes up words using 26 letters, the genetic language uses 4 letters to spell out the instructions for how to make the proteins an organism will need to grow and live. Small segments of DNA are called genes. Each gene holds the instructions for how to produce a single protein. This can be compared to a recipe for making a food dish. A recipe is a set of instructions for making a single dish.

10:20
0 Comments

MALAYSIA : " WHAT I KNOW & YOU SHOULD KNOW ? "

Malaysia is a Southeast Asian country located on strategic sea-lane that exposes it to global trade and foreign culture. Hinduism andBuddhism from India dominated early regional history, reaching their peak during the reign of the Sumatra-based Srivijayacivilisation, whose influence extended through Sumatra, Java, the Malay Peninsula and much of Borneo from the 7th to the 14th centuries.

Although Muslims had passed through the Malay Peninsula as early as the 10th century, it was not until the 14th and 15th centuries that Islam first firmly established itself. The adoption of Islam by the 15th century saw the rise of a number of sultanates, the most prominent of which was the Malacca. Islam has had a profound influence on the Malay people, but has also been influenced by them. The Portuguese were the first European colonial powers to establish themselves on the Malay Peninsula and Southeast Asia, capturing Malacca in 1511, followed by the Dutch in 1641. However, it was the British who, after initially establishing bases atJesselton, Kuching, Penang and Singapore, ultimately secured their hegemony across the territory that is now Malaysia. The Anglo-Dutch Treaty of 1824 defined the boundaries between British Malaya and the Netherlands East Indies (which became Indonesia). A fourth phase of foreign influence was immigration of Chinese and Indian workers to meet the needs of the colonial economy created by the British in the Malay Peninsula and Borneo.^[1]

Japanese invasion during World War II ended British domination in Malaysia. The subsequent occupation of Malaya, North Borneo and Sarawak from 1942 to 1945 unleashed nationalism. In the Peninsula, the Malayan Communist Party took up arms against the British. A tough military response was needed to end the insurgency and bring about the establishment of an independent, multi-racial Federation of Malaya on 31 August 1957. On 31 August 1963, the British territories in North Borneo and Singapore were granted independence and formed Malaysia with the Peninsular states on 16 September 1963. Approximately two years later, the Malaysian parliament passed a bill to separate Singapore from the Federation.^[2] A confrontation with Indonesia occurred in the early-1960s. Race riots in 1969 led to the imposition of emergency rule, and a curtailment of political life and civil liberties which has never been fully reversed. Since 1970 the "National Front coalition" headed by United Malays National Organisation (UMNO) has governed Malaysia. Economic growth dramatically increased living standards by the 1990s. This growing prosperity helped minimise political

disconten

10:15
0 Comments

HOMESCHOOLING

Everyone has a right to get education. This basic education is manifested in elementary and junior high schools. However, today our education is varied by home. schooling Homeschooling is currently a hot social issue because of the major increase of homescholled American children in the kast decade. Altogether, homeschooling has increasing by 30% since 1991. Parents are building up an excellent argument for homeschooling with this information.

Parents believe that homeschooling truly affects the personality of their children. In an article called Taking a Different Path: A Mother’s Reflections on Homeschooling, There is a parent ecpresses her opinion about homeschooling. Prents appreciate the lifestyle flexibility of their homeschooled children. There is no pressure imposed on the homeschooled child.

Several studies have been conducted that show that homeschooled students are reaching close and sometimes higher achievement to their peers, proving that parents are doing their job well. However, there are many ways homeschooled children can get involved in social activities. Scientific research also support that fact.

Firstly, we will see from the point of similarity. Either homeschooling or public school has no right to produce their own curriculum. As we may know, the curriculum on public school has been provided by the government from kindergarten to senior high school. It is listed in educational guidelines by the Ministry of education. It is included curriculum 2004, KBK, KTSP, etc. Without many differences in the rules of determining the curriculum, homeschooling guideline is also published by the government. It is conformed by the average age of the students. For instance, curriculum for 4-5-years average age, how to fix simple problem, can be seen in Slow and Steady Get Me Ready book by June R Oberlander. Both two systems of education also require holding and passing national examination based on the government education guidelines.

On the other hand, in this essay we also observe the differences among those two systems. The flexibility of the time and place of learning are simply distinguished them. A public school has the strict regulation in time and place. For example, in the senior high school, there is obligated full day school. The students enter the school at seven o’clock and get home in the evening. It is counted in six days a week and only a day for holiday. Afterward, they do not have many choice of place because they can only utilize the room or spot around their school. However, in the homeschooling system, there is flexibility in time and place. The student can easily choose whenever and wherever they want to study. Even, they can study during weekend in the playground or recreation park.